Hey there it's me again here are the next five articles.

Shirley Fiske, “Rules of Address: Navajo Women in Los Angeles”, Journal of Anthropological Research 34, no. 1 (1978):72-91
In this article, the author was explaining to us the idea of when you give out a surname or formal greeting to meet one another. The author focused in on the most when a Navajo woman between the ages of 29-33 meets an Anglo. It was found that 84% of the time, the Anglo will give a surname when meeting a Navajo woman while only 33% of the time, Navajo women will give a surname when meeting an Anglo. What makes this so interesting is that the women who were studied were from an urban area and suburban of Los Angeles meaning that these women were able to hold on to their traditions with respect to social greetings despite being overwhelm by a variety of other races including Whites, African American, Mexicans, and other Indians and the media in how it teaches you indirectly how interact with another human being of another race. What makes this even more interesting is that in the article it talks about normal lifestyle of Navajo women which includes doing the shopping, caring for the kids, cooking, and cleaning and yet when a Navajo woman gets older she is greeted as an equal to older men which may not always be the case when she is younger.

Joan Cassell, “The Woman in the Surgeon’s Body: Understanding Difference”, American Anthropologist 98, no.1 (1996):41-53
In this article the author talks about a female being in the job traditionally for males, a surgeon. It talks about the differences in reactions between the behavior of male surgeons and female surgeons such as when a male surgeon get mad he is considered to be “high-strung” while when a female surgeon does something similar she is considered to be a “bitch” or the fact that when a female patient meets a new patient she must wear lipstick. There is a considerably noticeable double-standard. It also talks about why there are more male surgeons than female surgeons based on religion. For example, she talks about there being few Jewish surgeons because middle-class Jewish girls are raised to be “princesses” and “princess” can’t scrub because they’ll break a nail and also surgeons of Korean ethnicity who have a responsibility to their families. The only exception was Catholic but because many of their mentors were nuns.

John W.G. and Elizabeth D. Lowe, “Cultural Pattern and Process: A Study of Stylistic Change in Women’s Dress”, American Anthropologist 84, no.3 (1982):521-544
This article looks at the evening gown and its style and breaks it down into what is the popular style using mathematical model of least squares and Regression to prove that a similar study done by Richardson and Kroeber in 1940 has flaws. They begin by breaking it down into six dimensions: decolletage length and width, waist length and width, and skirt length and width. Originally, Richardson and Kroeber in 1940 believed that there was a stable equilibrium for each of these measurements, but the authors take the data collected by Richardson and Kroeber and see a pattern of oscillations where it can be mapped by sines and cosines. This is noticeable through the patterns of the times between the Napoleonic wars and World War I where the equilibrium shows that the style is close to the Victorian Age. It could mean the popular style of the evening gown could be mapped.

F Rana A. Emerson and S. Craig Watkins, “Feminist Media Criticism and Feminist Media Practices”, Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Sciences 571, (2000): 151-166.

In this article, the author discusses the feminist media criticism focusing in television and film industry. For example, she goes into some detail about how certain images of women are altered through gendered assumptions and beliefs and how television shows in the 50’s showed women as being the housewife only but dramatic changes have altered the women into police officer, judge, and lawyer, through exposure of feminist ideas. The author explains even though such shows like Cagney and Lacey may demonstrate gendered appearance, it allows for them to successfully put their foot in the corridor to change what is put on network television. Another thing she get into is how TV shows tend to have more influence from male perspectives rather than females even on shows that attract women, distorting the female point of view. For example, the Young and the Restless, a soap opera, mainly targeted to women has been known to be ridiculed for its hyper masculine characters. The major challenge with African American women in music is that it is still a predominately male area and even fewer women discuss female empowerment, while most male rappers use women as sexual objects in their videos. Red Light Special of the rhythm is one of the few songs that describes female empowerment is one such example. And lastly she states that the worst issue in feminism is pornography because reinforces male supremacy, objectives women, and reproduces gender inequality.

Tasha N. Dubriwny, “Constructing Breast Cancer in the News: Betty Ford and the Evolution of the Breast Cancer Patient”, Journal of Communication Inquiry 33, no. 2 (2009): 104-126.

In this article, the author talks about the ideal patient, Betty Ford, and how that has genderized femininity. The ideal patient, according to Dubriwny, is a woman who listens to what her doctors say and agree with them for what they believe is the best treatment. She may ask intelligent questions about her condition but not so hard questions where the doctor can’t answer. In 1974, six weeks after Gerald Ford’s inauguration, Betty Ford would become that patient. Mainly she had to do it for her family and her country. But what she doesn’t realize is that by doing so, she is reinforcing the idea that the male doctor is superior to the female patient and thus the female patient should do as the male doctor says. She is applauded for her heroics and her ability to stay calm especially since her breast needed to be removed through radical mastectomy, which is the process of removing the breast, fatty tissue under the armpit, and two large chest muscles under the breast. What makes it more difficult especially for her is that American femininity has been defined mush so by her breasts. The worst part of this generalization is that the real statistics of the average patient with breast cancer is blocked out by the “ideal patient.”

That is all for now.  Tomorrow I will have the last five articles up including a brief summary of the research patterns I have begun to see.

Chris